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	<title>Publication Archives - Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</title>
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	<title>Publication Archives - Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</title>
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		<title>New Preprint: What do we need to know? Ten questions about climate and water challenges in Berlin-Brandenburg</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-what-do-we-need-to-know-ten-questions-about-climate-and-water-challenges-in-berlin-brandenburg/</link>
					<comments>https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-what-do-we-need-to-know-ten-questions-about-climate-and-water-challenges-in-berlin-brandenburg/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 02 May 2025 15:02:59 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3190</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p> As climate change escalates, the Berlin-Brandenburg region faces new challenges. Climate change-induced extreme events including droughts, heatwaves, and floods, are expected to cause new conflicts to emerge and aggravate existing ones. To guide future research, we engaged a transdisciplinary academic community of experts to co-develop a list of key questions on these climate and water [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-what-do-we-need-to-know-ten-questions-about-climate-and-water-challenges-in-berlin-brandenburg/">New Preprint: What do we need to know? Ten questions about climate and water challenges in Berlin-Brandenburg</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p> As climate change escalates, the Berlin-Brandenburg region faces new challenges. Climate change-induced extreme events including droughts, heatwaves, and floods, are expected to cause new conflicts to emerge and aggravate existing ones. To guide future research, we engaged a transdisciplinary academic community of experts to co-develop a list of key questions on these climate and water challenges in the region. Our findings highlight the urgent need for integrated and participatory research approaches. We expect this list of key questions to provide a roadmap for scientists and policymakers to foster actionable knowledge production to address climate and water challenges in the region.<br><br><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-428" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.5194/egusphere-2025-428</a></p>



<p></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-what-do-we-need-to-know-ten-questions-about-climate-and-water-challenges-in-berlin-brandenburg/">New Preprint: What do we need to know? Ten questions about climate and water challenges in Berlin-Brandenburg</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>New Preprint: Glacier-Atmosphere Interactions and Feedbacks in High-Mountain Regions &#8211; A Review</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-glacier-atmosphere-interactions-and-feedbacks-in-high-mountain-regions-a-review/</link>
					<comments>https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-glacier-atmosphere-interactions-and-feedbacks-in-high-mountain-regions-a-review/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 08 Mar 2025 15:15:21 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3195</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Mountain glaciers are among the most vulnerable natural systems to climate change. However, their interactions with the atmosphere are complex and not fully understood. These interactions can trigger rapid adjustments and climate feedbacks that either amplify or attenuate atmospheric signals, influencing both glacier response and large-scale atmospheric circulation. Observing this functional coupling in nature is [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-glacier-atmosphere-interactions-and-feedbacks-in-high-mountain-regions-a-review/">New Preprint: Glacier-Atmosphere Interactions and Feedbacks in High-Mountain Regions &#8211; A Review</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p>Mountain glaciers are among the most vulnerable natural systems to climate change. However, their interactions with the atmosphere are complex and not fully understood. These interactions can trigger rapid adjustments and climate feedbacks that either amplify or attenuate atmospheric signals, influencing both glacier response and large-scale atmospheric circulation. Observing this functional coupling in nature is challenging because the key processes occur over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. However, recent advances in observational techniques and modelling have provided new insights into these interactions. In this review, we summarise the current state of knowledge on glacier-atmosphere interactions, examine the processes that determine glacier mass balance at different scales, and highlight recent advances in observational and numerical modelling. We also highlight important knowledge gaps and outline future research directions to improve the prediction of glacier change in a warming world.<br><br><strong>DOI: </strong><a href="https://doi.org/10.22541/essoar.174164160.03475851/v1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">10.22541/essoar.174164160.03475851/v1</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-glacier-atmosphere-interactions-and-feedbacks-in-high-mountain-regions-a-review/">New Preprint: Glacier-Atmosphere Interactions and Feedbacks in High-Mountain Regions &#8211; A Review</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>New Preprint: Assessing economic impacts of future GLOFs in Nepal’s Everest region under different SSP scenarios using three-dimensional simulations</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-assessing-economic-impacts-of-future-glofs-in-nepals-everest-region-under-different-ssp-scenarios-using-three-dimensional-simulations/</link>
					<comments>https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-assessing-economic-impacts-of-future-glofs-in-nepals-everest-region-under-different-ssp-scenarios-using-three-dimensional-simulations/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 25 Feb 2025 15:27:51 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3198</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>This study investigates simulated glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) at five glacial lakes in the Everest region of Nepal using the three-dimensional model OpenFOAM. It presents the evolution of GLOF characteristics in the 21st century considering different moraine breach scenarios and two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios. The results demonstrate that in low-magnitude scenarios, the five lakes [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-assessing-economic-impacts-of-future-glofs-in-nepals-everest-region-under-different-ssp-scenarios-using-three-dimensional-simulations/">New Preprint: Assessing economic impacts of future GLOFs in Nepal’s Everest region under different SSP scenarios using three-dimensional simulations</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p>This study investigates simulated glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) at five glacial lakes in the Everest region of Nepal using the three-dimensional model OpenFOAM. It presents the evolution of GLOF characteristics in the 21<sup>st</sup> century considering different moraine breach scenarios and two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways scenarios. The results demonstrate that in low-magnitude scenarios, the five lakes generate GLOFs that inundate between 0.35 and 2.23 km<sup>2</sup> of agricultural land with an average water depth of 0.9 to 3.58 meters. These GLOFs reach distances of 59 to 84 km, affect 30 to 88 km of roads, and inundate 183 to 1,699 buildings with 1.2 to 4.9 m of water. In higher scenarios, GLOFs can extend over 100 km and also affect larger settlements in the foothills. Between 80 and 100 km of roads, between 735 and 1,989 houses and between 0.85 and 3.52 km<sup>2</sup> of agricultural land could be inundated, with average water depths of up to 10 meters. The high precision of the 3D flood modeling, with detailed simulations of turbulence and viscosity, provides valuable insights into 21<sup>st</sup>-century GLOF evolution, supporting more accurate risk assessments and effective adaptation strategies.<br><br><a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-50">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-50</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-preprint-assessing-economic-impacts-of-future-glofs-in-nepals-everest-region-under-different-ssp-scenarios-using-three-dimensional-simulations/">New Preprint: Assessing economic impacts of future GLOFs in Nepal’s Everest region under different SSP scenarios using three-dimensional simulations</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>New Article: Evaluation of gridded precipitation datasets over Iran</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-evaluation-of-gridded-precipitation-datasets-over-iran/</link>
					<comments>https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-evaluation-of-gridded-precipitation-datasets-over-iran/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 12 Feb 2025 20:14:42 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3153</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102234, Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies This study evaluates the performance of seven gridded precipitation datasets (CRU TS, TMPA 3B43, GPCC, IMERG, MERRA-2, ERA5, and PDIR) against rain gauge data. The accuracy of these datasets in representing precipitation patterns is assessed from 2000 to 2017, with a focus on their performance across diverse climate zones [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-evaluation-of-gridded-precipitation-datasets-over-iran/">New Article: Evaluation of gridded precipitation datasets over Iran</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
]]></description>
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<p style="font-size:16px"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102234">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102234</a>, <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/journal-of-hydrology-regional-studies">Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies</a></p>



<p style="font-size:16px">This study evaluates the performance of seven gridded precipitation datasets (CRU TS, TMPA 3B43, GPCC, IMERG, MERRA-2, ERA5, and PDIR) against rain gauge data. The accuracy of these datasets in representing precipitation patterns is assessed from 2000 to 2017, with a focus on their performance across diverse climate zones in Iran.</p>



<p style="font-size:16px"></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="1024" height="658" src="https://tobiassauter.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Screenshot-2025-02-12-at-21.14.27-1024x658.png" alt="" class="wp-image-3154" srcset="https://tobiassauter.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Screenshot-2025-02-12-at-21.14.27-1024x658.png 1024w, https://tobiassauter.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Screenshot-2025-02-12-at-21.14.27-200x128.png 200w, https://tobiassauter.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Screenshot-2025-02-12-at-21.14.27-768x493.png 768w, https://tobiassauter.info/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Screenshot-2025-02-12-at-21.14.27.png 1370w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></figure>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-article-evaluation-of-gridded-precipitation-datasets-over-iran/">New Article: Evaluation of gridded precipitation datasets over Iran</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>New Paper: Assessing the impact of extreme climate events on European gross primary production</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/new-paper-assessing-the-impact-of-extreme-climate-events-on-european-gross-primary-production/</link>
					<comments>https://tobiassauter.info/new-paper-assessing-the-impact-of-extreme-climate-events-on-european-gross-primary-production/#respond</comments>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 30 Jan 2025 17:16:35 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3130</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>This study examines how the timing of extreme events affects annual gross primary production (GPP). The results show that extreme climate events occurring at the beginning of the growing season have a significant impact on GPP. Such events can have both positive and negative effects. Using an explicable LightGBM model, we identified thresholds and tipping [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-paper-assessing-the-impact-of-extreme-climate-events-on-european-gross-primary-production/">New Paper: Assessing the impact of extreme climate events on European gross primary production</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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<p>This study examines how the timing of extreme events affects annual gross primary production (GPP). The results show that extreme climate events occurring at the beginning of the growing season have a significant impact on GPP. Such events can have both positive and negative effects. Using an explicable LightGBM model, we identified thresholds and tipping points where the transition between positive and negative effects occurs. For example, our results indicate that prolonged heat waves with temperatures above 31ºC in the early growing season lead to a significant decrease in GPP.</p>



<p><a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110374">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110374</a></p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/new-paper-assessing-the-impact-of-extreme-climate-events-on-european-gross-primary-production/">New Paper: Assessing the impact of extreme climate events on European gross primary production</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>COSIPY 2.0 Release</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/cosipi-2-0-release/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 28 Nov 2024 15:46:46 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3125</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>We are delighted to announce a new release of&#160;COSIPY, an ultra-fast Python-based coupled snowpack and ice surface energy and mass balance model. This update is a complete overhaul, featuring a simplified configuration system, documentation, critical bug fixes, and a significant performance increase. We have also added support for installing and coupling&#160;COSIPY with WRF. New and [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/cosipi-2-0-release/">COSIPY 2.0 Release</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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<p>We are delighted to announce a new release of&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://cosipy.readthedocs.io/" rel="noreferrer noopener">COSIPY</a>, an ultra-fast Python-based coupled snowpack and ice surface energy and mass balance model.</p>



<p>This update is a complete overhaul, featuring a simplified configuration system, documentation, critical bug fixes, and a significant performance increase. We have also added support for installing and coupling&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/cryotools/wrf_x_cspy" rel="noreferrer noopener">COSIPY with WRF</a>.</p>



<p>New and existing users are invited to read the&nbsp;<a target="_blank" href="https://cosipy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/documentation.html#tutorial" rel="noreferrer noopener">updated tutorial</a>.</p>



<p>We are incredibly grateful for all the contributions from the COSIPY community: we welcome feature suggestions, and look forward to your feedback.</p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/cosipi-2-0-release/">COSIPY 2.0 Release</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>A Drifting and Blowing Snow Scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/a-drifting-and-blowing-snow-scheme-in-the-weather-research-and-forecasting-model/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 21 May 2024 17:26:00 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3017</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Manuel Saigger, Tobias Sauter , Christina Schmid, Emily Collier , Brigitta Goger , Georg Kaser, Rainer Prinz , Annelies Voordendag and Thomas MölgJournal of Advances in Modelling Earth Systems (https://doi.org/10.1029/ 2023MS004007) Wind‐driven redistribution of surface snow is one of the key factors leading to heterogeneous accumulation of snow at small scales. Understanding the processes that [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/a-drifting-and-blowing-snow-scheme-in-the-weather-research-and-forecasting-model/">A Drifting and Blowing Snow Scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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<p>Manuel Saigger, Tobias Sauter , Christina Schmid, Emily Collier , Brigitta Goger , Georg Kaser, Rainer Prinz , Annelies Voordendag and Thomas Mölg<br>Journal of Advances in Modelling Earth Systems (https://doi.org/10.1029/ 2023MS004007)</p>



<p>Wind‐driven redistribution of surface snow is one of the key factors leading to heterogeneous accumulation of snow at small scales. Understanding the processes that lead to this heterogeneous accumulation is, therefore, of great importance to many glaciological and hydrological questions. High‐quality information on the wind field is necessary to realistically represent drifting snow. Here, we introduce a novel, intermediatecomplexity drifting and blowing snow module for the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model that integrates seamlessly into the standard WRF infrastructure. The module also accounts for snow particle sublimation and considers the thermodynamic feedback on the atmospheric fields. In an idealized model environment the module was tested for physical consistency. Sensitivity experiments showed that drifting snow sublimation has on the one hand local effects on the erosion and deposition patterns and on the other hand nonlocal effects on the larger‐scale atmosphere. The simple and computationally efficient implementation allows this module to be used for small‐scale and large‐scale simulations in polar and glaciated regions.</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/a-drifting-and-blowing-snow-scheme-in-the-weather-research-and-forecasting-model/">A Drifting and Blowing Snow Scheme in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>Hourly Particulate Matter (PM10) Concentration Forecast in Germany Using Extreme Gradient Boosting</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/hourly-particulate-matter-pm10-concentration-forecast-in-germany-using-extreme-gradient-boosting/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Apr 2024 17:24:45 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=3015</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Stefan Wallek , Marcel Langner, Sebastian Schubert, Raphael Franke and Tobias SauterMDPI Atmosphere (https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050525) Air pollution remains a significant issue, particularly in urban areas. This study explored the prediction of hourly point-based PM10 concentrations using the XGBoost algorithm to assimilate them into a geostatistical land use regression model for spatially and temporally high-resolution prediction maps. [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/hourly-particulate-matter-pm10-concentration-forecast-in-germany-using-extreme-gradient-boosting/">Hourly Particulate Matter (PM10) Concentration Forecast in Germany Using Extreme Gradient Boosting</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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<p>Stefan Wallek , Marcel Langner, Sebastian Schubert, Raphael Franke and Tobias Sauter<br>MDPI Atmosphere (<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050525">https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050525</a>)</p>



<p>Air pollution remains a significant issue, particularly in urban areas. This study explored the prediction of hourly point-based PM10 concentrations using the XGBoost algorithm to assimilate them into a geostatistical land use regression model for spatially and temporally high-resolution prediction maps. The model configuration and training incorporated meteorological data, station metadata, and time variables based on statistical values and expert knowledge. Hourly measurements from approximately 400 stations from 2009 to 2017 were used for training. The selected model performed with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 6.88 μg m−3, root mean squared error (RMSE) of 9.95 μg m−3, and an R²of 0.65, with variations depending on the siting type and surrounding area. The model achieved a high accuracy of 98.54% and a precision of 73.96% in predicting exceedances of the current EU-limit value for the daily mean of 50 μg m−3. Despite identified limitations, the model can effectively predict hourly values for assimilation into a geostatistical land use regression model.</p>



<p></p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/hourly-particulate-matter-pm10-concentration-forecast-in-germany-using-extreme-gradient-boosting/">Hourly Particulate Matter (PM10) Concentration Forecast in Germany Using Extreme Gradient Boosting</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>Large-eddy Simulations of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over an Alpine Glacier: Impact of Synoptic Flow Direction and Governing Processes</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/elementor-2871/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[admin]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 Mar 2022 10:51:57 +0000</pubDate>
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					<description><![CDATA[<p>Brigitta Goger, Ivana Stiperski, Lindsey Nicholson and Tobias SauterQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4263) The mass balance of mountain glaciers is of interest for several applications (e.g., local hydrology or climate projections), and turbulent fluxes can be an important contributor to glacier surface mass balance during strong melting events. The underlying complex terrain [&#8230;]</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/elementor-2871/">Large-eddy Simulations of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over an Alpine Glacier: Impact of Synoptic Flow Direction and Governing Processes</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[		<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="2871" class="elementor elementor-2871">
						<section class="elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5c7782f elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default" data-id="5c7782f" data-element_type="section">
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							<p><span style="font-size: 16px; font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">Brigitta Goger, Ivana Stiperski, Lindsey Nicholson and Tobias Sauter<br /></span><em style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;">Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (<a style="font-family: 'Open Sans', sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; text-decoration-skip: objects; cursor: pointer; color: #005274; font-weight: 600; word-wrap: break-word; font-size: 14px;" href="https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4263" aria-label="Digital Object Identifier">https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4263</a>)</em></p><p>The mass balance of mountain glaciers is of interest for several applications (e.g., local hydrology or climate projections), and turbulent fluxes can be an important contributor to glacier surface mass balance during strong melting events. The underlying complex terrain leads to spatial heterogeneity and non-stationarity of turbulent fluxes. Due to the contribution of thermally-induced flows and gravity waves, exchange mechanisms are fully three-dimensional, instead of only vertical. Additionally, glaciers have their own distinct microclimate, governed by a down-glacier katabatic wind, which protects the glacier ice and interacts with the surrounding flows on multiple scales. In this study, we perform large-eddy simulations with the WRF model at a horizontal grid spacing of 48m to gain insight into the boundary-layer processes over an Alpine valley glacier, the Hintereisferner (HEF). We choose two case studies from the HEFEX measurement campaign with different synoptic wind directions (South-West and North-West). Model evaluation with an array of eddy-covariance stations on the glacier tongue and surroundings reveals that WRF is able to simulate the general glacier boundary-layer structure. Under southwesterly airflow, the down-glacier wind is supported by the synoptic wind parallel to the glacier axis, a stable boundary layer is present over the ice surface, and local processes govern the turbulence kinetic energy production. Under northwesterly airflow, a cross-glacier valley flow and a breaking gravity wave lead strong turbulent mixing and to the subsequent erosion of the glacier boundary layer. Stationarity analyses of the sensible heat flux suggests non-stationary behaviour for both case study days, while non-stationarity is highest on the NW day during the gravity-wave event. These results suggest that the synoptic wind direction has, in addition to upstream topography and the atmospheric stability, a strong impact on whether a local glacier boundary layer can form or not, influencing whether a glacier is able to maintain its own microclimate.</p>						</div>
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		<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/elementor-2871/">Large-eddy Simulations of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer over an Alpine Glacier: Impact of Synoptic Flow Direction and Governing Processes</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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		<title>Nature communication</title>
		<link>https://tobiassauter.info/elementor-2833/</link>
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		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Tobias Sauter]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Dec 2021 11:58:31 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[Publication]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://tobiassauter.info/?p=2833</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[<p>Subglacial discharge controls seasonal variations in the thermal structure of a glacial lake in Patagonia</p>
<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/elementor-2833/">Nature communication</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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										<content:encoded><![CDATA[		<div data-elementor-type="wp-post" data-elementor-id="2833" class="elementor elementor-2833">
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							<h5 data-test="article-title">Nature communication</h5>
<h1 data-test="article-title" data-article-title=""><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-26578-0">Subglacial discharge controls seasonal variations in the thermal structure of a glacial lake in Patagonia</a></h1><div><p>Shin Sugiyama, Masahiro Minowa, Yasushi Fukamachi, Shuntaro Hata,<br>
Yoshihiro Yamamoto, Tobias Sauter, Christoph Schneider &amp; Marius<br>
Schaefer&nbsp;</p>
<p><a href="https://www.nature.com/ncomms" data-test="journal-link"><i data-test="journal-title">Nature Communications</i></a> <b data-test="journal-volume">volume&nbsp;12</b>, Article&nbsp;number:&nbsp;<span data-test="article-number">6301</span> (<span data-test="article-publication-year">2021</span>)</p></div>
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		<p>The post <a href="https://tobiassauter.info/elementor-2833/">Nature communication</a> appeared first on <a href="https://tobiassauter.info">Tobias Sauter | Atmospheric Scientist</a>.</p>
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